Means for and method of making grooved fibrous board



G. C. SNYDER MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF MAKING GROOVED FIBROUS BOARD Filed Aug. 16, 1930 ,E A w HHN/PAQ l... z. o A la .v

' INVENTOR @50H65 6'. ,S7/v fag/f? ATTORNEY l 1,940,106 PATENT o'l-ric-laV Y FOR' AND METHOD .oF MAKING GROOVED FIBROUS BOARD George C; Snyder, Elmhurst, N. Y., assignor to The Guardian Trust Company, Cleveland, Ohio,

a corporation of Ohio Application August 16, 1930.V Serial No. 475,731

2li-Claims. (C1. 16d-60) This invention relates to the art of producing grooved fibrous board, the boards being of whatsoever thickness may be desired, and the board being of a quality of material capable of being cut to form agroove and a resultant shaving more or less continuous. .This application is a continuation in part of my application Serial No. 260,787, filed March 10, 1928, wherein there is disclosed means andV methods relating to the production of grooved board material serviceable for use in connection with the manufacture of boxes of various descriptions, for example, cigar boxes, as Well as disclosing novel grooved board; and reference may be had to mylater application Serial No. 304,424, filed September 7, 1928, in these connections, `and now matured into Patent 1,818,102, dated August 11, 1931,V

An object of the present invention is not only to providean improved article of manufacture, but to more fully provide improvements in the means and method of making grooved fibrous board and which have beendeveloped through long experience` and practice in the art. n

A special object of the present invention is to provide a means and method for sorcutting a groove in a board toform blanksjfor boxes or the like that when those portions of the blank which are at opposite sides of the groove are bent around a corner, the corner formed will be intact and without harmful'rupture or the like which would cause-theboard to break apart'at the connecting portion at the bottom of the groove, this object being preferablyV attained by forming a bead or slightraised portion or corrugation in that surface of theboard which is opposite the groove, such bead tending `to make this portion of the board more iiexible, thatV is to say that portion which is continuous with the corresponding surface of the: board.

VIn the improved method, a distinct feature resides in the'fact that a practically, continuous shaving is produced in cutting the groove in the board and which ultimately is of a cross-section corresponding substantially to the cross-section of the groove except that such shaving is of less width than the groove due to the-fact that the act of cutting the shaving squeezes or compresses the shaving in the act of removing it. This re` sult is produced by the frictional engagement of the cutters with theV shaving as the cutters squeeze it out from between them, the shaving being removed from the cut in the nature of a curl more or less. An advantage incidental to this is that the shaving is positively carried away from the work beingdone and from the cutters and is in a form convenient for its subsequent removal entirely from'the place of Work. n

Another object of the invention is to provide convenient rmeans foradjusting the cutterssjo that they will simply and accurately do the work which is to be performed as above stated.

Another object of the invention is to provide compact, simple and eicient means for simultaneously causing all parts of the work to be performed.

These being among the objects and advantages of the improved article of manufacture, the means and themethod, the same consist of certain features of construction to be hereinafter described in detail and then pointed out in the claims, with reference to the accompanying draw#- ing wherein: Y,

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the groove cutting means in action, as viewed in a direction transverse of the travel of the fibrous board;

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation at right angles to Fig. 1, showing only one of the cuttersj Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional detail of the board being out and the cutters and a pressure member in the act of forming the bead on the board;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional detail of a portion of the grooved and beaded board, and

Fig. 5 is a section, similar to Fig..4`, but showing the portions of the board bent up to form the corner of a box. v

Referring to Figs. l, 2 and 3, the board 10 is preferably laminated more orlessrsimilarly to what is disclosed in my aforesaid application wherein the board is shown as preferablyhaving an` outer lamination or surface a composed of a material whichV is tougher than the adjacent material. The board may be fed from a'web or from sheets and is caused to travel by any suitable means, as, for example, through the medium of a feed roller l1 mounted upon and rotated by a. drive-shaft l2 which may either be operated by hand or by power, preferably by power.4 This feed roller contacts with the surface a of the board and it is preferably provided with a peripheral depression or groove 13 of an endless nature.

Arranged at the opposite side of thefline of travel of the board is a transverse beam 14 which is supported in a stationary manner not necessary to beillustrated. VOn this beam are mounted two headsvl, 16 so that they may be slid there` on. The heads 15, 16 are' respectively provided with yokes or forks 19, 20 which are inclined inwardly towards each other from their points of connection with said heads. Within the slots or gaps of these forks there are mounted two cute ters 17, `18, each adapted to turn onl a `journal furnished by a stationary pin or shaft 21 fixed to the corresponding fork. Of course itis obvious that each of the shafts for the cuttersmay be will be a minimum, if any, of wabble, inasmuch as the work in hand is more or less of a precision nature.

The cutters 17, 18 are identical with each other by preference and they are preferably beveled, as shown, to their cutting edges. As shown, the cutter 17 is provided with a flat face portion 17a which may extend as such all over the corresponding surface of the cutter, but in referring herein to such face portion the intention is lto refer only to the face portion which is at the outer side of such cutter in the direct region of its cutting edge, and which face portion extends at right angles to the axis of the cutter. The opposite face 17h of cutter 17 which is directly adjacent the said cutting edge is also preferably flat and as shown is formed by beveling ofi the edge portion of the cutter to its edge. It will be seen that the face 17a adjacent the cutting edge is at a greater inclination than the face 17h at the opposite side of the cutting edge. The other rotary cutter 18 is preferably formed with corresponding surfaces 18a and 1812 adjacent its cutting edge. t will thus be seen from Figs. 1

Yand 3 that the cutters 17, 18 converge along opposite sides of the groove which is to be cut.

The bevels are preferably also at such an inclination to the axes of the cutters as to form a wide throat between them whose sides form an angle of at least forty-five degrees so as to ease up their action in cutting.

In view 'of the fact that it is desirable to adjust the two cutters away from or toward each other, the heads 15, 16 are provided with setscrews 22 threaded into them, in order to permit the screws to be tightened or loosened so as to bear firmly upon the beam 14 to set the cutters nally in the head, the inner portion of the screw being threaded and the threaded portion extending into a lateral enlargement of that opening of the head through which the beam 14l passes. The screw-'threaded inner end of each screw is threaded into an opening in a slide block 24 which constitutes a jaw which may be caused to be clamped tightly against the beam 14 in order to set the head and its cutter in adjusted position. Thus the engaging plane surfaces of the block 24 and the beam or support 14 maintain the cutters in a definite angular relation.

If the cut is to be regulated as to its depth, the screws 22 are loosenedV and screw 23 adjusted in one direction or the other by rotating it in the proper direction so as to operate on the slide block or shoe 24, and then when the desired position of the cutter has been obtained, the screws 22 are reset firmly against the beam 14. If necessary, the screws 23 may be given a slight additional tighteningin vorder to firmly set all the parts. Of course it is obvious that if the 'cutters are to be adjusted only laterally rela- -tivelyto each other, then the screws 23 need not be touched and it is only necessary to loosen up the screws 22, set the heads and the cutters in the required position, and again reset said screws grooves of sharp V-shape.

22. In order-,to guard against any looseness after this adjustment it is preferred to again slightly tighten up the screws 23. v

As shown, the cutters are slightly spaced apart at the bottom of the places at which they cut so as to enable the cutters to cut a bevel groove with diverging side walls and which side walls are spaced for asuitable interval apart at the bottom of the groove. A groove of this character is disclosed and fully described in my aforesaid applications, but the present invention is a more specific disclosure in that it enables one to cut grooves of various widths at the bottomeven The ranges of adjustments furnished by the illustrated and described adjusting means enable the cutters when properly adjusted Yto cut wider or narrower grooves or grooves which are deeper or shallower, to adapt the grooved board for a variety of bends of the board other than that obtainable by the particular beveled groove illustrated, wherein the opposite sides of the groove are at an angle vof ninety degrees and spaced apart at the bottom of the groove. It is to be understood that the proportions of the board as illustrated are only for the sake of illustration, because the board may be of different thicknesses and may be otherwise constructed and theV laminations when employed may be of any desired thickness With respect to each other.

The feed roller 11 has its groove 13 arranged in direct opposition to the line along which the groove is to be cut in the board. A function of the feed roller 11 is to provide a pressure resisting member Vto the cutters 17, 18, while they are cutting the groove'in the board. The friction of the roller 11 on the board 10 causes the board to travel inthe proper direction for receivingr its cut, Aand in turn the friction of the board against the cutting edges and adjacent surfaces of the cutter, considering the fact of vthe relativelyclose proximity of the feed roller to the cutters,y causes the cutters to be rotated upon their axes in order to cause the cutting Yedges to cut the bevel groove in the board. Conthe peripheral groove, because at points along the line directly opposite the cutting points of the cutters, the pressure. of the work would cause the fabric to yield and provide its own groove corresponding with the groove 13.

As shown in Fig; 2 the board is passing in its direction of travel between the pressure 'resist'- ing roller 11 and the cutters, these rotating in the direction .of the arrows, the roller 11 and the cutters pulling the board into the space between them.v While the board is so moving the cutting edges and'adjacent surfaces of the cutters are forming'a groove 25a of a width corresponding identically with the inclination of the cuter faces 17a, 18a of the cutters, thereby producing a shaving. Simultaneously therewith the adjacent inner faces 17h, 18h adjoining the cutting edges and which are of less inclination than the surfaces l'la, 18a, act upon the shaving 25 to compress and squeeze the shaving from between the adjacentV surfaces of the cutters, and'through yfriction of the rotating cutters to carry the shav- -ing more or less ina curl away from the place where the cutting is beingrdone.

In the example shown in Fig. 3, the groove cut into the board is shown as of a depth correspond- `thickness to beleft between the` bottom of the groove and the adjacentouter'surface.

In the construction shown a preformed groove 1,3 is shown in the roller ll, and the subsequent Vdescription will be based on Vthe supposed and preferred presence of such a groove. It will be seen that thev pressure of the cutters beingresisted by the resisting member 11, shown here as a feed roller, causes them to act upon that portion of the material which is atvtlie bottom ofthe groove in the board so as to press such material into the groove 13, incidental to the forming of the groove in the board, and thereby a slight bead al is formed in the material remaining at the bottom of the groove. This slight bead alvis shown in Fig. 4 opposite the groove y25a in the board. Inorder to obtain the best results in the formation of the bead, which constitutes a line of possible andreliable fiexure for the board, theperipheral groove 13- in roller l1 is made of greater width than the space between the'effectiv'e cutting edges of the cuttersf Also it is preferred to round off Yor make blunt the. corners which join the pressure surface of the roller 1l and the sides of the groove in said roller, so as to avoid any sharp edges at the surfacey of the roller and at the top lof the roller groove 13 which would tend to cause a line o f weakness suflicient to produce rupture when the grooved board is bent to form a corner of a box, for example, as shown in Fig. 5;

Preferably, and in fact most desirably, vthe groove 13 in roller l1 is of a depth which is greater than the depth of the bead which is to be produced within it. This is because it has been found in practice that there should be no direct .strength and toughness` of the very material which remains to form the bead. This action and work'of the cutters in association with the groove 13 or its equivalent, may be said to manipulate the very material which is to form .the

bead Vso as to render it more easily flexed without damage. l

In the practical carrying out of the invention it is found that the bead (so termed) is in reality formed as a slight outward corrugation in, and integral with, the surface material a of the Vgroovedrboard, and is of substantially the same transverse thickness as the material a. yIt is to be understood` that in the drawing the depth of Y the bead or corrugation is exaggerated in order to more clearly show the development of the bead away from the vplane of theY original flat material a simultaneously with 4the cutting of the groove, and to make it clear that there results a real deformationof the very material at the bottom ofthe groove, however slight may be theprominence o f the bead. It will be obvious to those skilled that th invention disclosed is susceptible of modification and adaptation in various ways Without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new is,- 1. In `means for Vcutting a groove in fibrous board, the combination of means for feeding the board, a pair ofl rotary, coacting, angularly dis- 'poses, cutters adapted, for cutting out and removing a portion of the board to form agroove in a surface of the board with beveled sides, and said feeding means being provided with means coacting with the cutters to form a bead at the opposite surface of the board.

2. In means for cutting a groove in fibrous board, the combination of means for feeding the board,l a pair of rotary, coacting, angularly disposed, cutters for cutting a bevel groove in a surface of the board, and said feeding lmeans acting as a pressure member opposing the cutters from the opposite surface of the board andfhaving a groove directly opposite the cuttingplaces of the cutters.

3. In means forcutting a groove in-brous board, the combination ofV means for feeding the board, a pair of rotary, coacting, angularly disposed, cutters for cutting a bevel groove in a surface of the board, and said feeding means being -means being separateclto leave foldable material in the board, which is of less thickness than the board such means including a pressure member having a groove opposed to the cutters, the width of the pressure member groove being greater Vthan the width between the cuts ofthe cutters.'

5. In means for cutting a groove in fibrous board, the combination of a pair of rotary, coacting cutters, and means, cooperating with the cutters whereby thfe're may be cut a groove in a surface of a board, and the cutters and cooperatf ing means being separatedto leave foldable material in the board, such means including a rotary pressure member having a peripheral groove 'opposed to the cutters, the width of the pressure member groove being greater than the width between the cuts of the cutters and the edges of such groove being blunt. l

6. Means for cutting a groove in a fibrous board, the same includingV a pair of opposed rotary cutters, and means 'for rigidly supporting the cutters in definite convergingplanes to cut a bevel groove, the cutters provided with surfaces for frictionally forcing the'produced shaving from the cut and tending to curl it as it is forced out.

Y '7. The method of cutting aV groove in fibrous boardj including cutting a relatively deep groove into'one side of the board, and forming simultaneously therewitha slight bead on the other side along a line directly opposite the groove.

8. The method of cutting a groove in fibrous board, including cutting a relatively deep groove into one sideof the board,rforin'ing' a slight bead on the other side along a. line directly'opposite 'the groove, removing the shaving withthe as- !sistance of the cutting action in--forming said bead, simultaneously with forming the bead, and

curling. the shaving away from the cut. y

9. The method of cutting a groove in fibrous board, including cutting a relatively deep groove into one side'of the board to produce a shaving, and forming a slight bead on the other side along a linefdirectly opposite theegroove and squeez` ing out the shaving as it is being formed with the assistance of the'cutting action in forming 4said bead. Y'

10. The method of cutting a 'groove in fibrous board, including cutting a relatively'deep b'evel groove in the board while simultaneously subjecting the produced shavingY to the vvedgingV yaction of the cutters to force it from the cut.

.11. The method of cutting a groove in fibrous board, including subjecting the board to a rotary cutting action to produce a relatively deep bevel lgroove, while-subjecting the soproduced shav- Ving throughout the width of the groove to the friction action of the cutters, whereby to remove and curl the shaving away from theV cut.

l2.V Means for cutting a groove inthick fibrous board of Va character having a relativeiy ,toughv Y and thin sur-face material and relatively thick inferior material, such means including a pairV of opposed rotary cutters, means fory supporting the cutters in positively related converging planes and with their-ledges slightly spaced apart to cutY a bevel sided groove in the inferior material, and separateV means lfor adjusting the cutters and holding them positively Vas to the depth of their cut so as to out the groove substantially close to the relativelyy tough surface material, such cutters tending frictionally to squeeze out from the groovethe shaving as it is produced.

13. Means for cutting a groove in thick ibrous board, such means including a pair of opposed rotary cutters, and means for supporting the cutters in converging planes to cut a bevel sided groove in a brous board, the outer faces of the cutters being flat and straightyup to the cutting edges and extending at right angles to the Kes of the cutters, and the-inner, adjacent, faces of the cutters being beveled up tothe cutting edges and across the-full thicknees'ofeach of the cutters to a degree of inclination such as to provide a relatively wide outwardly tapering throat be` tween the cutters with its sides forming an angle of at least forty-five degrees, whereby the bevel surfaces of the rotating cutters tend to automatically squeezeout and ejectV the shaving which is the result of grooving, without undue friction.

14. vIn means for cutting a grove in thick fibrous board, the Vcombination `of a support, apairof cutter heads moi/ably, supported by the` support, a pair of ,opposed cutters mounted for rotation `on the heads in converging planes to cut a bevel sided groove into one surface of aiibrous board, a pressure 'resisting' member opposing the cutters at the opposite surface of therboard, the heads being shiftableftoward or from the resisting member Vand toward or from each other, adjustable means for rigidly the heads in their shifted position, and positive, mutually en- I gaging, extended plane surfaces between the support and heads for maintaining the cutters in a iixed and definite angular relation.'

15. In means forY cutting a groovein fibrous board, the combination of a support, heads having means for separately guiding them' along straight lines'on the support, a pair of rotary, coacting, oppositely disposed, cutters separately mounted at xed converging angles on the heads 'for cutting a bevel sided groove in a surface of f a fibrous board, means for separately adjusting the heads and cutters along such straight lines Yfor varying the lateral separation of the cutters at their points of convergence, while maintaining their angular relation, and separate means for adjusting the cutters inwardly or outwardly relative to the direction of feed.

16. In means for cutting a groove in fibrous board, the combination of a pair of rotary, coacting, groove-cutters having outer, straight, lateral surfaces which out to the cutting edges are arranged at an angle of approximately ninety degrees toy each othenand having inner beveled surfaces out tothe edges, and the cutters spaced slightly apart at *heir places of cutting, whereby .to cut out andrernove a shaving of wedge-shape cross section from fibrous board, the inclinatio-- of the bevels being slight relatively to such straight-lateral faces and the so inclined nevels being separated by a relatively wide throat to ease the cuttinglaction ofthe cutters.

17. Means for cutting a groove in a fibrous board,V the saine including a pair of opposed 'rotary cutters, and meansv for rigidly supporting the cutters in definite converging planes to outa bevel groove, adjacentaces of the cutters `being inclined up to their cutting edges, and the inclination of suchface of eachcutter being slightly lessl than that of the outerface or" the sarne cutter up to its edge to provide an outwardly tapering throat between the cutters which is of less width vat the opposite surface oi the board.

- 19. In means for cutting a groove in fibrous board, vthe combination of a pairvoi" rotary, c0-

acting, angularly disposed cutters for cutting a groove in a surface of a board with beveled sides, and a pressure member opposing the cutters from the opposite surface'of the board and having a groove directly opposite the cutting places of the cutters. Y

20. In means for cutting a groove in fibrous board, the combination of a pair of rotary, coact- Y ing, angularly disposed cutters for cutting a bevel groove in a surface of a board, and a rotaryv pressure member opposing the cutters from the opposite surface of theboard and having a vperipheral `groove directly opposite the cutting places of the cutters, the width of the peripheral groove being greater than the space between the places oi cutting. v

` 'GEORGE C. SNYDER.l 

